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查看完整版本: 〔台湾〕林宝贵:语 言 异 常

荔荔雨 2006-7-3 13:54

<P>&nbsp;</P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-para-margin-bottom: 1.0gd" align=center><FONT size=4><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">语 言 异 常</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-para-margin-bottom: 1.0gd" align=center><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">〔林宝贵〕</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-pagination: none"><FONT face=宋体><FONT size=4><SPAN style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: #d9d9d9; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-shading: white; mso-pattern: gray-15 auto"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: #d9d9d9; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; FONT-FAMILY: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-shading: white; mso-pattern: gray-15 auto"><o:p><FONT face=宋体></FONT></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT>&nbsp;</P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">一、前言</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中粗隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">说话异常与语言异常的区辨是重要的,因为有可能是能正常说话但话却不合理。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-pagination: none; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT face=宋体><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt">此张投影片便是说话和语言的定义。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></P><P class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 6pt"><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">说话与可理解的口语讯息之编码有关,语言则与有系统的陈述及有意义的解释有关,它包括听、说、读、写、对话技巧及社会互动。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">二、分类</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中粗隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">(一)语言异常的分类有四种分类</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">第一种分类是美国听语学会(</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">ASHA</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">所提供的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">第二种分类是与正常发展的时间表及顺序做比较。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">第三种分类是以假定成因或相关的障碍情形为依据。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">第四种分类是</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"> Naremore (1980) </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">提出</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-pagination: none; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT face=宋体><FONT size=4><SPAN style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: #d9d9d9; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-shading: white; mso-pattern: gray-15 auto">投影片二说明</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: #d9d9d9; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; FONT-FAMILY: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-shading: white; mso-pattern: gray-15 auto"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">(二)分类说明</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">第一种分类:</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoBodyTextIndent style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt"><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: PMingLiU">语音(声音)、语形(字形)、语法(字的排列顺序及句子结构)、语意(字、句的意义)及语用(语言之社会性使用)。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">以上其中一向度发生困难几乎都会导致一个以上其它向度也产生困难,但语言异常者通常在某一向度上问题特别严重。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT face=宋体><FONT size=4><SPAN style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; mso-ascii-font-family: MingLiU; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt">补充说明:</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: MingLiU; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: MingLiU"><FONT face=宋体>语言发展有下列一种或多种情形:</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: MingLiU; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">(1)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: MingLiU"><FONT face=宋体>语言发展的起步较晚,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: MingLiU; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">(2)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: MingLiU"><FONT face=宋体>发展的进度较慢,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: MingLiU; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">(3)</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: MingLiU">发展的程度较正常儿童低下,其特征如下:</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: MingLiU; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">1.</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: MingLiU">语意异常:词不达意,或无法理解说话者含义。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: MingLiU; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">2.</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: MingLiU">语法异常:句型、结构简单,有颠倒、混淆或省略等不合语法的现象。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: MingLiU; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">3.</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: MingLiU">语用异常:说话不合沟通的情境或措词不当。。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: MingLiU; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">4.</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: MingLiU">语形异常:字形辨认不清。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: MingLiU; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">5.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: MingLiU">语汇异常:语汇少或完全没有。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">第二种分类:</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 497.95pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><STRONG><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: DFKai-SB">有些语言异常者也和大都数人一样有相似的发展顺序,但只是发展到某一阶段严重落后,有的到年纪较大可赶上有的则无法。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></STRONG></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-pagination: none; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT face=宋体><FONT size=4><SPAN style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: #d9d9d9; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-shading: white; mso-pattern: gray-15 auto">投影片三说明</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: #d9d9d9; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; FONT-FAMILY: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-shading: white; mso-pattern: gray-15 auto"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">第三种分类:</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 23.65pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-para-margin-left: 2.25gd"><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">此分类不周详。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoBodyTextIndent3 style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">因为其它(智能不足、听觉障碍、自闭)不同状况者的语言特征已被清楚描述,但不同标记者语言问题常相同。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-pagination: none; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT face=宋体><FONT size=4><SPAN style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: #d9d9d9; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-shading: white; mso-pattern: gray-15 auto">投影片四说明</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: #d9d9d9; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; FONT-FAMILY: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-shading: white; mso-pattern: gray-15 auto"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">第四种分类:</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 23.65pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-para-margin-left: 2.25gd"><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;</SPAN>Naremore</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">将语言异常分成四种类型:</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 23.65pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-para-margin-left: 2.25gd"><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">1.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">无口语</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 23.65pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-para-margin-left: 2.25gd"><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">2.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">质的差异</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 23.65pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-para-margin-left: 2.25gd"><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">3.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">语言发展迟缓</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 23.65pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-para-margin-left: 2.25gd"><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">4.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">语言发展中断</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 23.65pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-para-margin-left: 2.25gd"><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">此四种类型之说明与成因</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P>&lt;TABLE class=MsoNormalTable style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; BORDER-TOP: medium none; MARGIN: auto auto auto 10.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 1.4pt 0cm 1.4pt; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=1>&lt;TBODY>&lt;TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes">&lt;TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 1.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 1.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 261pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=348><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">类型</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>&lt;/TD>&lt;TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 1.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 1.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 234pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=312><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">可能的成因与相关条件</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>&lt;/TD>&lt;/TR>&lt;TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 1">&lt;TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 1.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 1.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 261pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=348><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">无口语:</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">至三岁时仍无法了解并自然使用语言。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>&lt;/TD>&lt;TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 1.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 1.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 234pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=312><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 15pt; TEXT-INDENT: -15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 15.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">1.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">先天或早期全聋。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 15pt; TEXT-INDENT: -15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 15.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">2.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">严重脑伤或重度智能不足。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 15pt; TEXT-INDENT: -15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 15.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">3.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">儿童精神病。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>&lt;/TD>&lt;/TR>&lt;TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 2">&lt;TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 1.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 1.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 261pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=348><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">质的差异:</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">与正常儿童的语言发展阶段无一相同,语言严重缺乏沟通意义。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>&lt;/TD>&lt;TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 1.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 1.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 234pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=312><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 15pt; TEXT-INDENT: -15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 15.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">1.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">无法了解听觉刺激。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 15pt; TEXT-INDENT: -15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 15.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">2.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">儿童精神病。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 15pt; TEXT-INDENT: -15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 15.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">3.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">学习障碍。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 15pt; TEXT-INDENT: -15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 15.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">4.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">智能不足。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 15pt; TEXT-INDENT: -15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 15.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">5.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">听力缺损。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>&lt;/TD>&lt;/TR>&lt;TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 3">&lt;TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 1.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 1.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 261pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=348><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">语言发展迟缓:</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">发展阶段正常,但严重落后生理同龄儿童。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>&lt;/TD>&lt;TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 1.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 1.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 234pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=312><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 15pt; TEXT-INDENT: -15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 15.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">1.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">智能不足。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 15pt; TEXT-INDENT: -15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 15.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">2.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">经验剥夺。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 15pt; TEXT-INDENT: -15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 15.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">3.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">缺少语言刺激。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 15pt; TEXT-INDENT: -15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 15.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">4.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">听力缺损。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>&lt;/TD>&lt;/TR>&lt;TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 4; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes">&lt;TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 1.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 1.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 261pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=348><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">语言发展中断:</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">系属后天语言异常,因疾病、意外或其它创伤而致发展中断。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>&lt;/TD>&lt;TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 1.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 1.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 234pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=312><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 15pt; TEXT-INDENT: -15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list 15.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">1.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">后天听力丧失。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 15pt; TEXT-INDENT: -15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list 15.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">2.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">缺氧、身体创伤或感染引起的脑伤。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>&lt;/TD>&lt;/TR>&lt;/TBODY>&lt;/TABLE></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 24pt 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-para-margin-top: 2.0gd"><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">三、出现率</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中粗隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">因为定义与评量的工具不精确并无可信数据。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-pagination: none; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT face=宋体><FONT size=4><SPAN style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: #d9d9d9; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-shading: white; mso-pattern: gray-15 auto">投影片五说明</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: #d9d9d9; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; FONT-FAMILY: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-shading: white; mso-pattern: gray-15 auto"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 24pt 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-para-margin-top: 2.0gd"><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">四、评量与处遇</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中粗隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">(一)评量策略:</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 15pt; TEXT-INDENT: -15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list 15.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">1.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">尽可能列出儿童目前语言能力的细目以便决定内容:标准化测验、非标准化测验、发展量表、行为观察。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 15pt; TEXT-INDENT: -15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list 15.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">2.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">观察儿童学习新语言技能的自在感和速度。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-pagination: none; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT face=宋体><FONT size=4><SPAN style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: #d9d9d9; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-shading: white; mso-pattern: gray-15 auto">投影片六说明</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: #d9d9d9; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; FONT-FAMILY: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-shading: white; mso-pattern: gray-15 auto"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">(二)处遇计划</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">处遇计划必须考虑到下列各点:</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 15pt; TEXT-INDENT: -15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list 15.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">1.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">儿童说些什么,应该教他说些什么?</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 15pt; TEXT-INDENT: -15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list 15.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">2.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">儿童如何谈论事物?如何才能教会他表达得更清楚?</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 15pt; TEXT-INDENT: -15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list 15.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">3.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">儿童如何使用语言?</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">如何使用才能达成<SPAN style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt">沟通目的</SPAN>,并有助其社会化?</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">(三)语言矫治的课程设计原则</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT face=宋体><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">1.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">医疗优先</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">2.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">亲职教育:父母参与的态度</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">3.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">学习治疗</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT face=宋体><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">4.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">口腔动作训练:多重感官途径</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">5.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">构音训练:多听、多说</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">6.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">口语表达训练:考虑身心语言发展阶段</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">7.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">语文训练:以功能性语言为主</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">8.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">行为矫治:认知与知动训练并进</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">9.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">心理治疗:情绪与行为管理</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">10.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">寓教于乐</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">11.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">刺激、增进、回馈原则</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">12.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">利用教材、教具、辅具</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 24pt 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-para-margin-top: 2.0gd"><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">五、结语</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中粗隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">依照正常的语言发展顺序(发音),在自然的情境下,父母及教师配合语言专家一起努力是很重要的(<SPAN style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt">家居化</SPAN>)。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 24pt 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-para-margin-top: 2.0gd"><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">六、补充资料</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中粗隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">(一)语言障碍者就学、就业之科技支持</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: right" align=right><FONT face=宋体><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: DFKai-SB">台湾师范大学特殊教育学系<?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" /><st1:PersonName w:st="on" ProductID="林宝贵">林宝贵</st1:PersonName>教授</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: DFKai-SB; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT face=宋体><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: DFKai-SB"> 一、前言</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: DFKai-SB; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT face=宋体><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: DFKai-SB">语言障碍是身心障碍者共同的缺陷。身心障碍者常除其本身之障碍外,又伴随有或多或少的沟通问题。发展正常的人亦可能因后天性疾病或意外伤害,而影响其语言沟通能力。目前针对语言障碍者设计的沟通辅具,多有其设计及使用上的限制,使语障者无法达到「畅所欲言」的境界。兹将常用的沟通辅具使用不便的问题及需要改进之处胪列如下:</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: DFKai-SB; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: DFKai-SB"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: DFKai-SB; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: DFKai-SB; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p><FONT size=4>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P><FONT size=4></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

荔荔雨 2006-7-3 13:56

<P>&nbsp;</P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT face=宋体><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: DFKai-SB">三、语言训练过程所面临的困境</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: DFKai-SB; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: list 36.0pt"><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: DFKai-SB; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: DFKai-SB"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face=宋体>1.</FONT><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: DFKai-SB">语障者使用之沟通辅具,是极个人化之科技,大部份均从国外进口,有一定的规格,不易符合不同个案之需求,其购置作业费时、费事、价格又高。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: DFKai-SB; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: list 36.0pt" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: DFKai-SB; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-font-family: DFKai-SB"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">2.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: DFKai-SB">对于家境贫困、父母谋生不易,又无暇照顾孩子的沟通障碍者而言,购买沟通辅具实在是困难重重。除经济因素外,特教教师要协助其制作沟通辅具之软件工程,更是心有余而力不足。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: DFKai-SB; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: list 36.0pt" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: DFKai-SB; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-font-family: DFKai-SB"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">3.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: DFKai-SB">沟通系一复杂之人际互动历程,只靠冰冷的机器,常使语言障碍者欠缺使用的兴趣。必须有周围环境及人的互动配合,才能使沟通辅具的功能及训练效果显现出来。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: DFKai-SB; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: list 36.0pt" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: DFKai-SB; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-font-family: DFKai-SB"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">4.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: DFKai-SB">国内有关沟通辅具之计算机教学软件太少,无法针对特殊教育之领域开发生动有趣之软件。若只靠特教教师制作,其计算机之技术层面不易克服。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: DFKai-SB; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT face=宋体><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: DFKai-SB">四、建议</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: DFKai-SB; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT face=宋体><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: DFKai-SB">各种残障者可应用的辅助器材配件,研发过程中要尽量取得家长、教师、学生的相关经验以为依据,以免所设计的辅具不适合使用,而浪费研发者的苦心、财力。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: DFKai-SB; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo12; tab-stops: list 36.0pt"><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: DFKai-SB; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: DFKai-SB"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face=宋体>1.</FONT><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: DFKai-SB">调查全国家长、教师、甚至身心障碍者的需求,以为研发之依据,才能符合使用者的需要,价格也要合理。政府需编列更充分的辅具预算及补助经费,才能使身心障碍者的生活质量更美好。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: DFKai-SB; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo12; tab-stops: list 36.0pt" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: DFKai-SB; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-font-family: DFKai-SB"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">2.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: DFKai-SB">设立沟通辅具科技小组,协助开发及辅助教师使用高科技产品,并提供个别化科技辅具咨询服务。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: DFKai-SB; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo12; tab-stops: list 36.0pt" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: DFKai-SB; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-font-family: DFKai-SB"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">3.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: DFKai-SB">建立沟通无障碍之语言表达环境。在特教校园或宿舍中安装触摸式语音系统及传真机,使语障者可以轻易地表达自我需求。如:我要喝水、我要卫生纸。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: DFKai-SB; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo12; tab-stops: list 36.0pt" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: DFKai-SB; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-font-family: DFKai-SB"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">4.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: DFKai-SB">在教育部即将成立的「特殊教育研究发展中心」设立辅具研发、维护、及展示单位,并配置研究、发展、修护人才,使辅具本土化,不需完全仰赖国外进口,降低成本,缩短购买时程,并使维修不再成为使用者更大的负担。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: DFKai-SB; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo12; tab-stops: list 36.0pt" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: DFKai-SB; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-font-family: DFKai-SB"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">5.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: DFKai-SB">国科会工程处及资策会等科技单位宜鼓励理工方面学者结合特殊教育工作人员为身心障碍者多研发科技产品。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: DFKai-SB; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ascii-font-family: DFKai-SB">国内专家学者研发的身心障碍者就学、就业用科技产品,国科会或有关单位宜协助其量产及推广。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: DFKai-SB; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-fareast-font-family: 超研澤中隸"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>

荔荔雨 2006-7-11 17:04

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