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查看完整版本: 〔经典收藏〕钱厚心:口吃矫正法(节选)

荔荔雨 2006-3-28 13:54

〔经典收藏〕钱厚心:口吃矫正法(节选)

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<P><FONT face=宋体><FONT size=4><FONT color=#000080><SPAN style="COLOR: black">  <FONT color=darkgreen>口吃病是在心理因素的作用发生和发展起来的,治疗心理因素应该是治疗口吃的基础。但是,由于多年来不断地重复积累,形成了一年强一年的牢固的条件反射作用,实践证明,对症疗法的发音矫正也是不容忽视的。矫正口吃是言语的再学习,是两种不同言语习惯的斗争,所谓发音矫正就是掌握发音法重新训练患者的言语来粉碎已形成的牢固的条件反射枷锁。</FONT></SPAN></FONT></FONT></FONT></P>Hp;hf*p]X
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GNS2nMv@YL <P><FONT face=宋体><FONT color=darkgreen size=4><SPAN style="COLOR: black">  口吃患者多年来与口吃现象进行没有策略的斗争,渐渐地养成了一种很坏的说话习惯,说起话来又急又快,又猛又重,这种说话方式必然会导致更多的口吃。言语的再学习就是学习一种良好的发音技巧,取代过去那种坏的发音方式,使言语能够逐渐地变得流畅起来,我们把这种良好的说话方式取名为<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>发音法<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>。</SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>
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'z+_ yu4Ir[ t4s <P><FONT face=宋体><FONT color=darkgreen size=4><SPAN style="COLOR: black">  通过发音法的言语练习,建立新的言语结构定型,以改变言语机能系统中的病理性相互联系。</SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>
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<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: black"><FONT face=宋体><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>发音法是改变口吃现象的强有力的武器,它的作用之大,常被人们惊叹为<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>奇迹<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>,即使严重的很难说出话来的患者,经过一段时间的发音法的矫正训练,也能流利地说出话来,不少患者把发音法称之为说话的<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>法宝<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>。在我们口吃矫治班里,因有专人指导,又有集体的相互督促,而自我矫正因缺少这样的有利条件,困难可能多一些,不过,若能领会发音法的要领,也可能达到同样的效果。希望熟读本书,反复体会,细细琢磨,认真刻苦地练习,并且要坚持练,一鼓作气地练,决不可练练停停,停停练练,防止出现疲塌状态。</FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>8jF0\4A lx/R
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<P><FONT face=宋体><FONT size=4><FONT color=#000080><SPAN style="COLOR: black">  <FONT color=darkgreen>口吃患者在说话时,口吃的显著表现是在第一音,遇到难发音,表现更为突出。其实中阻性、难发性都是在第一音出了故障,我们究其实质是第一音犯了以下几点毛病:</FONT></SPAN></FONT></FONT></FONT></P>||}A!q|0r3U
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<P><FONT face=宋体><FONT color=darkgreen size=4><SPAN style="COLOR: black">  <FONT color=darkgreen>急:心慌意乱,肌肉紧张。</FONT></SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>
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Y6I-f^3g} <P><FONT face=宋体><FONT color=darkgreen size=4><SPAN style="COLOR: black">  快:想一口气把所有的话都讲出来。</SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>@1^!W6|yyuj-n
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4y(x$z)h8C <P><FONT face=宋体><FONT color=darkgreen size=4><SPAN style="COLOR: black">  短:与第二音紧迫。</SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>
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<P><FONT face=宋体><FONT color=darkgreen size=4><SPAN style="COLOR: black">  不独立:与第二音几乎同时发出。</SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>J!cJo At g+c(s
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&O6o'}'C Hd <P><FONT face=宋体><FONT color=darkgreen size=4><SPAN style="COLOR: black">  根据上述原因,我们吸取正常人讲话的优点,针对口吃患者(第一音)障碍的特症,对矫正口吃须要进行<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>重新训练语言<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>的练习,也就是<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>语言的再学习<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>。练习一种正确的说话方式,要求做到第一音发出的时候要:</SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>
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<P><FONT face=宋体><FONT color=darkgreen size=4><SPAN style="COLOR: black">  平静:情绪稳定,肌肉松弛。</SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>}N)|n$L
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<P><FONT face=宋体><FONT color=darkgreen size=4><SPAN style="COLOR: black">  慢一些:不要很快,要在自己能力范围内。</SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>
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sY h;C p'~j:f4_KS <P><FONT face=宋体><FONT color=darkgreen size=4><SPAN style="COLOR: black">  拖长些:第一音少许拖长些。</SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>"D ^6}U5CEVf7N
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<P><FONT face=宋体><FONT color=darkgreen size=4><SPAN style="COLOR: black">  低和轻,第一音(子音)比第二音要低一些。</SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>w4K4`5GfX!V^
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1or!_?2W3p%n]"] <P><FONT face=宋体><FONT color=darkgreen size=4><SPAN style="COLOR: black">  以上述这个方法说话,叫做<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>发音法<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>,练习时,注意下列几点:</SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>
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<P><FONT face=宋体><FONT color=darkgreen size=4><SPAN style="COLOR: black">  1,别把发音法看得太简单:我们不可能因为简单而不相信它。它的作用实在是出于我们意料之外的。在笔者直接矫正下几千名患者经过短期训练就能不口吃地说话,这主要是依靠<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>发音法<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>说话的技巧。我们对发音法应该有正确地认识,要愉快地、满怀希望地接受它。</SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>
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/zgLZ'Y4|8K9` <P><SPAN style="COLOR: black"><FONT face=宋体 color=darkgreen size=4>  2,慢:当我们口吃时,好心人常常劝我们:说话慢一点,别着急,慢慢说。由此可见人人都晓得,说话慢一点,口吃就会轻些,它已是一个公认的好方法。因为快和急是导致口吃加重的主要因素。</FONT></SPAN></P><SPAN style="COLOR: black"><FONT face=宋体 size=4></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US>
Q MwT jq%] <P><BR></SPAN><FONT face=宋体 color=darkgreen size=4>  现在国外在矫正口吃的语言训练上大致都要保持一个慢的原则。但也不要过分地慢,那种脱离实际生活的慢速度,好象唱歌似的慢速度是不好听的。但是一定要比我们原来口吃很着急的说话要慢得多了,也要比一般语言能力很强,快速度说话的正常人要慢得多。每个人的语言能力不同,我们的语言能力本来就较差,再加上口吃的长期障碍,所以我们在练习时,尽可能慢一点,是有好处的。</FONT></P>
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<P><FONT face=宋体><FONT color=darkgreen size=4><SPAN style="COLOR: black">  3,轻:我们也许能体会到,说话轻一些,对口吃患者确实有些帮助,口吃可以减轻些,也许不会口吃。但是,所谓<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>轻<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>,并非轻到使人听不到,只要不象你发生口吃时那样重的语音就可以了,另一方面要注意第一音(子音)要比第二音低,这样就不会二个音一起冲出。</SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>4bD0yc;|:W
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3[MX!c7A/C <P><FONT face=宋体><FONT color=darkgreen size=4><SPAN style="COLOR: black">  4,柔和:口吃时的说话往往是很粗重的,这种粗重的发音就容易使我们语言发生障碍,所以我们现在就要把它改变得柔和一些,要改变得像广播员那样的柔和动听。我们也有这样的体验,就是当我们心平气和说话时,发音一定是柔和的,因此是不大会口吃的。</SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>
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<P><FONT face=宋体><FONT color=darkgreen size=4><SPAN style="COLOR: black">  5,均衡:口吃患者的说话,由于发言意欲过急,常会几个字紧连在一起冲出来,这就容易发生障碍。常常第一字还未发出,就想把第二个字一起说出来,结果一个字也说不出来。所以,我们练习时要均衡地说出来。如说:<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>应该<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>两字,不要把<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>应该<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>两字紧连在一起冲出来,而是要把<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>应该<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>两字依次地、一个个地均衡地发出来。</SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>
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<P><FONT face=宋体><FONT color=darkgreen size=4><SPAN style="COLOR: black">  6,连贯:说话不能一个字一个字有意地分开,那就缺少连贯性了,我们要把每句话都保持连贯性(这种连贯与前面的要求第一音独立并不矛盾),字与字之间不要中断。比如说:<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>你上哪儿去<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>?不要说成:<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>你、上、哪、儿?<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>那就不好听了。</SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>'SJn3e.CK9w-e@m
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<P><FONT face=宋体><FONT color=darkgreen size=4><SPAN style="COLOR: black">  7,节奏:发音法必须掌握节奏感,这是很重要的。正常人说话都有他一定的音律,可是我们的语言音律却被口吃破坏了,因此口吃患者根本谈不上什么音律。现在,我们要恢复语言的音律,就要训练我们有节奏地语言(特别是训练长句和朗读练习更为重要。初学发音法往往是头几个字刚慢下来,后面的字就急速起来,掌握了节奏就能使每句话都能轻慢下来。我们在唱歌时不口吃,主要是唱歌音调上有一定的节拍与音节,不仅唱歌,凡是有一定速度和音调的,象唱戏、小调等都不会口吃。这种节奏就是要求我们在每一长句里保持二、三个较轻较低的音调,这样就自然地形成一种有起伏(波浪形)的节奏,在患者心理上就起了一种音律作用,再加上轻慢、柔和、均衡,所以是既稳重又轻松,就能达到正确训练语言的目的。</SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>R g!i_mu
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<P><FONT face=宋体><FONT size=4><FONT color=darkgreen><SPAN style="COLOR: black">  8,强弱适宜,字音清楚:不要在开始时用力很强,中间稍弱,末了就没有力了。应该做到强弱一致和一定的力量说话,既不要过于大声,又不要有气无力,一般不要忽而很高,忽而很低,只要有点强弱就可以了。当然有抑扬顿挫的声调更好,这正是我们要追求的。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></FONT></P> ga1V*Y?'j/f
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Z Se^6xI$| N(H <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=center><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"></SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>}T'Us;QAZ
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000080 size=4>        </FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.ekouchi.com/chuantong/huxi.html#一,呼吸原理的概述" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>一,呼吸原理的概述</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></A><BR></SPAN><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>        </FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.ekouchi.com/chuantong/huxi.html#二,呼吸运动的控制" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>二,呼吸运动的控制</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></A><BR></SPAN><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>        </FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.ekouchi.com/chuantong/huxi.html#三,呼吸法练习" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>三,呼吸法练习</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></A><BR></SPAN><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>        </FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.ekouchi.com/chuantong/huxi.html#四,呼吸法和单字发音的配合练习" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>四,呼吸法和单字发音的配合练习</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></A><BR></SPAN><FONT size=4><FONT color=darkgreen>        <SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.ekouchi.com/chuantong/huxi.html#五,用呼吸法来消除伴随运动痉挛状态" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN lang=EN-US>五,用呼吸法来消除伴随运动痉挛状态</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
/ZR;H'cT#V/UV KOd <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=darkgreen size=4><SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
wz*j7])N0m~ <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT><FONT color=darkgreen>&nbsp;</FONT></P>
1f;BF)G N-|7[W <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><A name=一,呼吸原理的概述><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=darkgreen size=4><STRONG>一,呼吸原理的概述</STRONG></FONT></SPAN></A></P>"TrT#nB]kI
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN style="mso-bookmark: 一,呼吸原理的概述"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT><FONT color=darkgreen>&nbsp;</FONT></P> gqI%|-D-?#X
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>  研究口吃的问题,首先要研究整个语言系统的活动状态。这里所说的是广义的语言系统,它包括大脑、呼吸和发音等方面。</FONT></SPAN></P>UMd @b n2i
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT><FONT color=darkgreen>&nbsp;</FONT></P>X!J`\*i:chK/y
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>  本篇就呼吸和语言的协调配合问题,加以研究和阐述,因此,对呼吸的原理有简单介绍的必要。</FONT></SPAN></P>
}w'@j7N <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT><FONT color=darkgreen>&nbsp;</FONT></P>#P#Eb~#~-t&M)A2iA
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>  人要维持生命,不断吸进氧气,呼出二氧化碳,以适应身体的需要。呼吸时最明显的是肺部的一张一缩,事实上肺的张缩是被动的。胸腔扩大,肺就随之扩大,胸腔缩小,肺就随之缩小,而胸腔的扩大与缩小,又是由于胸隔肌和肋骨间肌肉的收缩和松弛作用所致。隔肌横布在胸腔和腹腔中间,将这两部隔开。隔开的四周是肌肉,中央是厚膜,在呼气终止的时候,就好象一个倒放的锅。吸气的时候,隔肌收缩,使胸腔上下直径扩大,同时,肋骨的外层肌肉收缩,使肋骨向上和向前高举,因而使胸腔的左右和前后的空间扩大。胸腔扩大了,具有弹性的肺气囊自然扩大,因而空气就被吸入肺内,呼气过程则相反。</FONT></SPAN></P>
-Yf1Z)c4s1z-k(l <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT><FONT color=darkgreen>&nbsp;</FONT></P>i*|GC/[
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>  呼吸有内部呼吸和外部呼吸两种,呼气又有被动和自动之分,这属于生理学和医学研究的范畴,本篇不拟涉及。</FONT></SPAN></P>
w%OF%sN(| <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#006400 size=4></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
nu1SRO'E,RTfp <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT><FONT color=darkgreen>&nbsp;</FONT></P>
g;|s+jtI6s8m"j*cr <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<STRONG> </STRONG></FONT><A name=二,呼吸运动的控制><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=darkgreen size=4><STRONG>二,呼吸运动的控制</STRONG></FONT></SPAN></A></P>&I:G g(\j EVF(TF
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN style="mso-bookmark: 二,呼吸运动的控制"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT><FONT color=darkgreen>&nbsp;</FONT></P>
!w7qE0km4L A <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>  我们常说用胸部呼吸或用腹部呼吸,事实上腹部不会吸入空气的。在隔肌的下面是腹部的一些器官。例如:肝、脾、胃、肠等。虽然说是用腹部吸气,这些器官是不会吸进空气的(特殊情况例外),不过隔肌尽量向腹腔压缩,把腹部压得鼓鼓的,就好象腹部装满了空气。</FONT></SPAN></P>]LAk jzV
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT><FONT color=darkgreen>&nbsp;</FONT></P>
*E/|HDr4l.G <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>  无论采取胸部呼吸还是腹部呼吸,都可以随着自己的自由意志加以控制和支配。因为隔肌和肋骨间的收缩和松弛可随着自己的意志加以控制和支配的。在延脑有一部分是呼吸运动中心,它受大脑支配,引起各种不同程度的呼吸。若将延脑割去,呼吸即行停止。</FONT></SPAN></P>
:Z8?G1jz <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT><FONT color=darkgreen>&nbsp;</FONT></P>?;mN5h4e?]`
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>  呼吸运动固然可以受人们自由意志的控制和支配,但它也随着环境和心理状态的不同而引起不同的变化。</FONT></SPAN></P>B8b[ r$z.b%~7p
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT><FONT color=darkgreen>&nbsp;</FONT></P>Q ]^FA g B
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>  平常不大跑步的人,偶然很快的跑了几里路,呼吸就会加快和急促。</FONT></SPAN></P>
${Heq4[f|q <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT><FONT color=darkgreen>&nbsp;</FONT></P>
e l5q&g L%M?*X s*}6b <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>  夏天,刚一跳进游泳池里,触着凉水,会猛然地吸进一口气。</FONT></SPAN></P>
e1j'vTb-o-vS.k A <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT><FONT color=darkgreen>&nbsp;</FONT></P>.[pRy4f/b$e3Q.J
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>  清晨走到花园里,空气新鲜,鸟语花香,会自然地深深吸进几口气。</FONT></SPAN></P>
N6k w6z t;Jxg <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT><FONT color=darkgreen>&nbsp;</FONT></P>#z wPuz~
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>  渴慕已久的或是初恋的朋友,一旦约你会谈,走到他(她)家门口,呼吸会感到拘束而紧张。</FONT></SPAN></P> d*@3S1K)M
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT><FONT color=darkgreen>&nbsp;</FONT></P>H|&L-Y*f3|K"E
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>  严厉的严厉的</ST1<IMG smilieid="7" alt="" border="0" src="images/smilies/tongue.gif" />老师,叫患有口吃的学生站起来回答问题,他会心跳加快,呼吸急促而紊乱。</FONT></SPAN></P>
@5e^.@2Y#UT3T;x <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT><FONT color=darkgreen>&nbsp;</FONT></P>
)L2O KJc R| <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>  看到电影上紧张的镜头,呼吸会随着情节的紧张而紧张起来。</FONT></SPAN></P>
Oy$p6}:|4qk%Z0O <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT><FONT color=darkgreen>&nbsp;</FONT></P>1]Q|3E#P
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>  上述各种事实,充分说明呼吸是随着环境和心情的改变而改变的。但他们有一共同的性质,就是在上述任何环境和心情下,可以由大脑发布命令,改变它的呼吸状态,甚至可以停止短时间的呼吸,这些,我们可以当场作出实验。</FONT></SPAN></P>0r/ySEif hW B
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT><FONT color=darkgreen>&nbsp;</FONT></P>vByBiRlp
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>  较严重的口吃患者,在呼吸和语言的协调配合下,有下面两种现象:</FONT></SPAN></P><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>
du di)x}Z <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><BR></SPAN><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>  (一)一句话的后一阶段,只顾讲话,就顾不到隔肌的下降,使重新吸气的动作发生困难或陷于停顿,形成隔肌向上紧逼的痉挛状态。</FONT></P><SPAN lang=EN-US>
!}V Q2j*H"Z <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><BR></SPAN><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>  (二)在隔肌下降的末一阶段,未开始上升就抢着说话,结果导致呼吸紊乱,发生严重吃音。</FONT></P>o6q m~h#s
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><FONT size=4></FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN><FONT color=darkgreen>&nbsp;</FONT></P>
%]/w+j,K0e ~ i <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>  前者由于口吃性病态心理和口吃习惯影响,说话时没有换过气来,就急于继续往下讲;而后者则由于还不到呼气时,就抢着往外讲。先是偶然,逐渐就形成强迫性的口吃习惯。</FONT></SPAN></P>
z7@.xh1oNj <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT><FONT color=darkgreen>&nbsp;</FONT></P>
!dw\*W-]g%d { <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>  上述情况,简单地说:有时是吐尽气再讲话,音量微弱而又吃力;有时是装足气再讲话,声音强直而又吃力,这样最容易口吃,而且也是很难堪的。</FONT></SPAN></P>
E@\4jO$h.Pm"l <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT><FONT color=darkgreen>&nbsp;</FONT></P>
] d4F.h4_#R)XW5Ze <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>  患者由于说话的屡次失败,所以在说话之先,心就发慌,其口吃语言的行为和难堪,总在大脑中闪念徘徊,并即时引起害怕说话和组织语言紧张犹豫的思维病态,造成呼吸中枢的干扰和抑制,使呼吸有时浅短,有时急迫。因此使吸进的气体过少和气流停息时间过短,而使氧气不能满足其生理活动的需要,进而又导致心理矛盾斗争的激化。心神不安,呼吸急促,心脏跳动加快的异常状态,就是其具体的反映。这种心理现象的反映,实则为大脑机能活动缺氧形成忙乱而造成的。这些都是严重的口吃患者所共有的<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>言前特征<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>。在一般情况下,心理恐怖随着氧气供应的短缺而形成的,随着氧气供应的充足而消失。</FONT></SPAN></P>
K,c&hoUZ,H,KRWP <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#006400 size=4></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
W q6ex)Wt'i <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#006400 size=4></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>y|2Jq,n)D P
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT><FONT color=darkgreen>&nbsp;</FONT></P>
(yT8F'KH!g8U2G`C0N <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><A name=三,呼吸法练习><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=darkgreen size=4><STRONG>三,呼吸法练习</STRONG></FONT></SPAN></A></P>O|DnmM3l`3f
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN style="mso-bookmark: 三,呼吸法练习"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT><FONT color=darkgreen>&nbsp;</FONT></P>
&@ h\[+w'kv#M <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>  呼吸的动作和语言的发音,都可以根据自己的自由意志去加以控制和支配。</FONT></SPAN></P>7o%y^w(_/xW
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT><FONT color=darkgreen>&nbsp;</FONT></P>
@M"U(b XyGUJ3k <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>  矫正口吃所练习的呼吸是腹部呼吸法,又叫做丹田呼吸法:</FONT></SPAN></P><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>Kn0@'P:Y_b K?A
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><BR></SPAN><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>  (一)姿势:可以躺在床上做,也可以坐在椅子上做,站着也可做,初学时仰卧最容易入门。凡是都是熟能生巧,当你熟练后,再用坐式、站式,甚至一边走路、一边做腹式呼吸法,也能运用自如。卧式脸朝上,坐式、立式、走式脸朝前方,眼睛轻闭(走式不要闭眼),除走式的双手和平时走路一样摆动外,其余各式双手都应放在左右两侧。</FONT></P><SPAN lang=EN-US>
m+j0aH3TA G| <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><BR></SPAN><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>  (二)意念:在坐好或仰卧好以后,就要排除一切杂念,做到<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>耳不旁听,目不斜视,心平气和,肌肉缓和,意守丹田,保持自然<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>。心里想的只是丹田(腹部)那个地方,别的一概不想。丹田位于腹部中部,是脏腑杂聚之处,因此意守此处,作用甚大。</FONT></P><SPAN lang=EN-US>p+Er,A_t&u:S
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><BR></SPAN><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>  (三)呼吸:姿势和意念调整好以后,即可进行练习。先由鼻吸气至下腹(实际上空气不会进入下腹,但有吸入的观念即可)。吸气要保持慢、长、静,吸气时腹部用力向外凸出,吸气时不可断断续续(中途停止),口吃就是有时候呼吸的停止,所以要养成呼吸不断的习惯。要尽自己的能力吸气,但也不要吸得不好受。吸后再呼,呼气用嘴,呼气时也要做到慢、长、静,同时腹部徐徐收缩(腹部凹下),也要用尽自己的能力呼气,反复行之。总之,呼吸时要逐渐做到<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>悠缓细匀,绵绵细长<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>,以舒适自然,轻松愉快为度。</FONT></P>
w*Z ZF0]-Xj-Yz <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><FONT size=4></FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN><FONT color=darkgreen>&nbsp;</FONT></P>
4v%K"cGp <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>  每个人的肺活量不同,呼吸的长短也就不同,初学时吸气大约8~12秒,呼气大约10~16秒,熟悉后,逐渐增长时间,以发挥自己能力的80%为限。</FONT></SPAN></P>
Rp}+g#J2\3B;i <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT><FONT color=darkgreen>&nbsp;</FONT></P>
H/LA Rg3q <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>  以上呼吸法每天早晚各练习十五分钟,因忙而无暇时可分三分钟一次或五分钟一次,分节分次练习也可,但切不可间断,这种呼吸法在饭后三十分钟以内不可练习。</FONT></SPAN></P>
[F4y;xT V*o5^ <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT><FONT color=darkgreen>&nbsp;</FONT></P>t HW7l"K
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>  开始练习时,可能有种种不适,例如:胸部发闷,头痛,脑胀,胃部难过。不过习惯后,自然会好,反而有非常爽快的感觉。有些患者最初练习时身上感到难过,怀疑对身体恐有妨碍,这是不必要的顾虑。</FONT></SPAN></P>
4c;te/ex ~U:@ _ i <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#006400 size=4></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>#{7|0^-~ m+[
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT><FONT color=darkgreen>&nbsp;</FONT></P>
7HTf)q/ED|W <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<STRONG>&nbsp; </STRONG></FONT><A name=四,呼吸法和单字发音的配合练习><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=darkgreen size=4><STRONG>四,呼吸法和单字发音的配合练习</STRONG></FONT></SPAN></A></P>
Qx7Su%x3S~)z <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN style="mso-bookmark: 四,呼吸法和单字发音的配合练习"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT><FONT color=darkgreen>&nbsp;</FONT></P>
u n'P:pSQ(pI <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><FONT size=4><FONT color=darkgreen><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">  <FONT color=darkgreen>单音的练习,患口吃轻症的人练习一个短时间(七、八天)即可,但患口吃重症的人,则须多练习。还须注意以下几点。 </FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>#P:f9{7G7CK,[6]d/b
<OL type=1>
|L GZW2X'ZQ~ <LI class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt"><FONT size=4><FONT color=darkgreen><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">肌肉松弛,身体各部分不可用力。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;</SPAN></FONT></FONT></LI></OL>x#w J:]3MtZg._(a
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt"><FONT color=darkgreen size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</P>'T p q%t0L1j
<OL type=1>B `4U pJWT
<LI class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt"><FONT size=4><FONT color=darkgreen><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">要使呼吸和发音完全配合一致,吸气时不准发音,呼气才能发音,在呼气时伴着呼气发出声音,由轻渐重,由低而高。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN></FONT></FONT>
4Bj cOk!m2A,}&Ji <LI class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt"><FONT color=darkgreen size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT>
@)n!A d/l X <LI class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt"><FONT size=4><FONT color=darkgreen><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">呼气时,随着呼气发出一个<SPAN lang=EN-US>A</SPAN>(啊)音,决不可急、短。太急时,咽喉和舌的抵抗则强,以至阻住而口吃。发音开始要缓慢,同时伴随呼气轻轻吐出,强度轻缓,如流水徐行,不可中断。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></LI></OL>
wCs7N,x `!s9Jb <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><FONT size=4><FONT color=darkgreen><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; A</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">(啊)音练习以后,可换一个<SPAN lang=EN-US>An</SPAN>(安)音的练习,例如:南-寒-山-谭等音,在练习时应拖长其尾音。然后再作数字发音的练习,例如:一、二、三、四、五<SPAN lang=EN-US>......</SPAN>等<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>可连在一起发音,音与音之间要干脆,要分清楚,各音均独立。</SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>
a[%G;`OV]1] <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><FONT color=darkgreen size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</P>
-x#d$DPD|4eN <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT><FONT color=darkgreen>&nbsp;</FONT></P>E"{M%n0r a hj
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><FONT size=4><FONT color=darkgreen>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<STRONG> </STRONG></FONT></FONT><A name=五,用呼吸法来消除伴随运动痉挛状态><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=darkgreen size=4><STRONG>五,用呼吸法来消除伴随运动痉挛状态</STRONG></FONT></SPAN></A></P>
T \(tQ2sX9~#W4_Tl <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN style="mso-bookmark: 五,用呼吸法来消除伴随运动痉挛状态"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT><FONT color=darkgreen>&nbsp;</FONT></P>
RN-}h'? hgS I:a <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>  语言的吃音、外部的伴随运动以及内部的痉挛状态,都是口吃习惯性条件反射的具体表现。</FONT></SPAN></P>
8a,Y(C#Z0Y:b <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT><FONT color=darkgreen>&nbsp;</FONT></P>
/euz LkE <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>  一方面要用语言性条件反射作用,来消除大脑中口吃的病态心理。</FONT></SPAN></P>y7Q{ ~&`4X
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT><FONT color=darkgreen>&nbsp;</FONT></P> Q%j6l#J/V&s6b#H
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>  一方面要用呼吸法和个别克服的方法,来消除伴随运动的痉挛状态。</FONT></SPAN></P>
{.~rpt$[ <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT><FONT color=darkgreen>&nbsp;</FONT></P>
Ja"t#? {-s{dZ*l.GQ <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>  一方面要用科学的发音和语言的再学习,以矫正吃音习惯。</FONT></SPAN></P>
'S"Pv$]7?h#F%|3I <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT><FONT color=darkgreen>&nbsp;</FONT></P>;];p&x ww[C
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>  以上三个方面同时并进,然后才能彻底消除口吃病患,获得健康的语言能力。</FONT></SPAN></P>
|)V A!e,Y;C5J/\p)h,B <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT><FONT color=darkgreen>&nbsp;</FONT></P> aK$U^w'_7`
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>  深呼吸运动能大量吸入氧气,使血液得以畅流;能使隔肌的张缩度增大,以恢复和养成说话时正常的紧缩和松弛,能使胸肌、腹肌和语言系统各器官的肌肉获得适度的张缩、调剂与缓和,才能在说话时自由运动和控制。</FONT></SPAN></P> {4{vRP)c
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT><FONT color=darkgreen>&nbsp;</FONT></P>2T6SyQ%|5tr%c%h
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>  由于深呼吸能使肌肉获得适当的运动和协调,能松弛与缓和身体各部和颜面肌肉的紧张状态,故能逐渐消除伴随运动。</FONT></SPAN></P>[+q%c7RX(q
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT><FONT color=darkgreen>&nbsp;</FONT></P>
tS,z(m9zE5`P#zq <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>  深呼吸能影响人的情绪,能使激动的情感得以缓和以致平息。经常锻炼腹式呼吸,能使人的性格变得安静,心情舒畅,记忆力增加。所以,对于情绪抑郁者来说,腹式深呼吸确是灵丹妙药。由于深呼吸能给神经和精神带来缓和与安宁,故能逐渐克服语言系统各器官的痉挛状态。</FONT></SPAN></P>
~jXX#KUF%g <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT><FONT color=darkgreen>&nbsp;</FONT></P> x^0S1`u _ R
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=darkgreen size=4>  针对口吃类型、程度轻重、伴随动作,痉挛状态的不同情况,例如隔肌易于上逼、喉头易于阻塞、舌头易于发硬、眼睛易于瞪大、颈部易于偏斜以及鼻翼易于翕动等不同的现象和情况,就必须单独地、有区别地对其最严重的部分加以克服和矫正。又如:有颈部偏斜的伴随运动的口吃患者,最初因为有了口吃,说话不易,想用尽气力说出话来,因而促成颈部的偏斜,多次重复以后,养成习惯,嗣后一急而说不出话来,稍微用力,颈部就要发生偏斜。针对这一现象,患者进行自我矫正,就应在进行发音的语言练习时,特别注意自己的颈部,尽量不使它发生偏斜。在进行矫正中,经过多次的注意和克服,这种伴随运动就会口吃的吃音,同时逐步地获得矫正。再如说话时,隔肌容易向上紧逼而发生痉挛状态的患者,最初由于说话时用力过大而导致这一痉挛状态的产生,多次重复以后,成为强迫性的习惯。嗣后,每遇讲不出话而稍微用力时,隔肌立即上逼,导致呼吸的紊乱。针对这一情况,患者在进行自我矫正时,就应根据本篇所说的各种方法,作控制隔肌运动的练习。使隔肌的运动能根据自己的意志加以控制,经过多次练习,掌握要领后,便能控制隔肌的运动,便可消除这一痉挛状态的发生。</FONT></SPAN></P>
_(Ub.f3U2s <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=darkgreen></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
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xuer19820109 2006-4-1 06:12

<P>thanks </P><P>&nbsp;</P>

木林森 2006-4-1 06:13

谢谢楼主分享,顶一下!楼主辛苦了!

小宝 2006-4-3 04:04

<P>谢了</P><P>。。。。。。。</P><P>&nbsp;</P>

小宝 2006-4-3 04:05

支持

神话家族 2006-4-8 02:12

辛苦了,荔姐

tieweifu 2006-5-14 19:15

<P>谢谢了 我该努力了</P>

ssa386 2006-5-16 05:50

谢谢谢谢

明天 2006-7-6 19:56

<P>支持</P><P>&nbsp;</P>

享受快乐 2006-7-29 05:15

可惜呀,我的那本让别人给弄丢了呀<IMG src="http://www.dggkc.com/bbs/images/Emotions/21.gif">

wangkaijunn 2006-10-18 19:54

<P>谢谢了 我该努力了</P>

灼灼其华 2006-10-24 08:19

谢了啊。一直在努力的

荔荔雨 2006-10-29 20:29

<P>&nbsp;</P><P>顶!!</P>

郑一 2006-11-30 19:24

荔姐,我全力支持你!

桂华 2006-12-2 22:40

谢谢楼主分享,顶一下!楼主辛苦了!

荔荔雨 2007-1-14 23:13

再顶!!

w狂风 2007-1-15 22:06

:victory: 很棒

huanggangma 2007-2-8 21:02

:victory: :lol :) thanks

超男 2007-4-1 16:09

谢谢楼主了!!!!:victory:

melon134 2007-5-1 23:51

谢谢楼主分享!!理论的东西自己练习还是感觉比较复杂啊,自己练习不一定可以练习的好的
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